Congee is a favorite dish in Hong Kong, especially fresh fish congee. Freshwater fish is a key ingredient—rich in nutrients and contains high protein and Omega-3 fatty acids, which benefit cardiovascular health. But recently, there has been an outbreak of invasive Group B Streptococcus in Hong Kong, with about half of the cases linked to people not taking proper precautions when handling food. Some have even contracted Group B Streptococcus from consuming undercooked freshwater fish.
Doctors warn that the current outbreak of the ST283 strain is highly pathogenic, affecting not only pregnant women, newborns, the chronically ill, and the elderly but also young, healthy people. If appropriate treatment is not administered, illness may lead to sepsis or meningitis. According to the literature, the risk of death from Invasive Group B Streptococcus infection ranges from 6.5% to 11%. According to the Centre for Health Protection, from September 13 to September 16 of this year, there have been 40 reported infections in Hong Kong, with various symptoms, and unfortunately, two people have died.
What is "Group B Streptococcus"?
Group B Streptococcus, also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, is a type of bacteria that is usually found in humans, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and fish. Approximately 20-40% of adults have this bacteria in their gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive systems, generally in good health and showing no symptoms.
Infection Pathways of Group B Streptococcus
Research shows that invasive group B Streptococcus (ST283) primarily exists in freshwater fish, especially in farmed fish. The causes of infection may include contact with contaminated freshwater fish through cuts on the hands or consuming seafood that has not been thoroughly cooked, leading to infection.
Common Symptoms:
- Sepsis
- Pyogenic arthritis
- Meningitis
- Infective endocarditis
For individuals with weaker immune systems, the risk of developing severe symptoms after infection is higher, and it could even lead to death.
Important Notes:
- When purchasing fish at the market, avoid touching the fish directly; if you have touched any undercooked seafood, quickly wash your hands with soap and water.
- Always wear gloves when handling seafood to avoid direct contact with raw seafood or contaminated water, and thoroughly clean your hands afterward.
- Do not consume freshwater fish sashimi or any undercooked freshwater seafood.
- When eating hot pot or porridge containing seafood, ensure that it is thoroughly cooked; the center or thickest part of the food should be cooked at least 75 degrees Celsius for at least 15 seconds.
- If you have cuts on your hands, avoid direct contact with seafood; if you get injured while handling seafood, clean the wound immediately and cover it with a waterproof dressing.
- If you notice any signs of infection in a wound, seek medical attention immediately.
Treatment Methods:
Currently available antibiotics are still effective in killing invasive group B Streptococcus.The older the patient, the higher the mortality rate, and the area of the group B streptococcal infection, along with the time of seeking medical attention and treatment, also affect the mortality rate. If an infection is suspected, one should seek medical care immediately and follow the doctor's recommendations for treatment.
